Hoyos carried a memorandum from the office of the Austrian foreign secretary, Leopold Berchtold, expressing the need for action in the tumultuous Balkans region, as well as a personal letter to the same effect from Emperor Franz Josef to Kaiser Wilhelm. Schloss Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.On July 5, 1914, in Berlin, Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany pledges his country’s unconditional support for whatever action Austria-Hungary chooses to take in its conflict with Serbia, a long-running rivalry thrown into crisis by the assassination, the previous June 28, of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife by a Serbian nationalist during an official visit to Sarajevo, Bosnia.īarely a week after Franz Ferdinand’s murder, the Austrian Foreign Ministry sent an envoy, Alexander, Graf von Hoyos, to Berlin. "The family of Austria's Emperor." Xylography by Vinzenz Katzler, about 1880 Kunsthistorisches Museum Vienna Kaiserliche Schatzkammer WienĪustrian National Tourist Office / Christian Kremser Imperial Treasury Vienna - The Crown of Emperor Rudolf II, later Crown of the Austrian Empire Heathen's Gate in Carnuntum, Lower AustriaĪustrian National Tourist Office / DiejunĪustrian National Tourist Office / Harald Eisenberger The main purpose of the two main domains and is the promotion of Austria as a holiday destination. After the end of World War II in 1945, Austria was restored to its 1937 frontiers and occupied by the victorious allies – the USA, the Soviet Union, the UK, and France – for a decade. On March 12, 1938, German troops marched into Austria and the country was incorporated into the German Reich. In July Dollfuss was shot and killed by Nazis in an attempted coup. In May 1934 Dollfuss declared martial law in order to protect Austria from Hitler. In 1933, the weak coalition between the Christian-Social and the Social-Democratic parties gave way when Engelbert Dollfuss became chancellor in 1932 as head of a right-wing government, designed to tackle the problems caused by the depression. The young republic suffered massive inflation, unemployment, and near economic collapse. Emperor Franz Joseph dies in 1916 and after the end of the war in 1918, the first Republic of Austria was established, ending the 640-year-old Habsburg dynasty. ![]() Austria’s declaration of war against Serbia marked the beginning of World War I. The final spark was the assassination of the Austrian archduke and heir to the throne, Franz Ferdinand in June 1914 in Sarajevo. With ethnic tensions and a rigid system of alliances from the 19th-century wars, the Austro-Hungarian monarchy was a catastrophe waiting to happen. A walk along the Vienna Ringstraße boulevard with its splendid buildings, a visit to the Sisi or Sigmund Freud Museum or the Österreichische Galerie Belvedere provide a good overview of this epoch. Noted Jugendstil artists include the painters Gustav Klimt and Egon Schiele, and the architects' Otto Wagner and Adolf Loos. Around 1900 the Vienna Jugendstil (Art Nouveau) peaked during which forward-looking artists and designers seceded from the mainstream salon exhibitions, to exhibit on their own in more congenial surroundings. Sigmund Freud was the founder of the psychoanalytic school of psychology, a movement that popularized the theory that unconscious motives control much behaviour. Johann Strauß, the King of Waltz, was celebrated all over the world for his wonderful musical compositions. ![]() ![]() ![]() Under his rule, Vienna became of Europe’s most important metropolises and the centre of a multinational state extending from Hungary to North Italy and deep into southern Europe. Together with his wife Elisabeth, the legendary "Sisi", he shaped the image of the Austrian imperial rule. In the end Emperor Ferdinand I was eventually pressured to abdicate in favour of his nephew Emperor Franz Joseph I, whose 68-year reign was one of Austria's longest. The Vignette – Austria’s Motorway Toll Sticker.
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